NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 Polymers

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 – Free PDF Download

*According to the latest CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been removed.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 Polymers are prepared by the well-experienced faculty of BYJU’S. The NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry provides the answers to the textbook questions, exemplary questions and worksheets. These solutions will also help you to make notes for the chapter Polymers. Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 Polymers Solutions are given here for better understanding and clarification of the chapter.

Chapter 15 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 has been solved by expert teachers as per the latest CBSE guidelines. Students studying in Class 12 might be pressured to score high marks in the board examination. To achieve high marks in the board examination, one must utilize the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 PDF available in the link given below.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 Polymers

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Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions Chapter 15 Polymers – Important Questions

Q1: Explain the terms polymer and monomer.

Solution:

Polymers can be defined as huge molecular mass macro-molecules made of repeating monomer-derived structural units. Polymers consists of a huge molecular mass of (

Examples of monomers: propene, ethene, vinyl chloride, and styrene.

Q2: What are natural and synthetic polymers? Give two examples of each type.

Solution:

Polymers naturally found are known as Natural Polymers. Natural polymers are formed from animals and plants. Diverse natural polymer examples are protein, starch, cellulose, etc.

Polymers which are human-made are known as Synthetic Polymers. Various examples of synthetic polymers are synthetic rubbers (Buna-5), synthetic fibres (nylon 6, 6), plastic (polythene).

Q3: Distinguish between the terms homopolymer and copolymer and give an example of each.

Solution:

Q4: How do you explain the functionality of a monomer?

Solution:

The functionality of a monomer may be defined as the total number of bonding sites, which are in this particular monomer.

For example, adipic acid and 1, 3-butadiene is two, and that of propene and ethene is one

Q5: Define the term polymerisation.

Solution:

The mechanism of high molecular mass formation (

Q6: Is ( NH-CHR-CO )n a homopolymer or copolymer?

Solution:

Q7: Determine the groups where the polymers are graded according to molecular forces?

Solution:

Polymers are classified into groups given below based on the intermolecular magnitude of forces present in polymers:

(a) Fibres

(b) Elastomers

(c) Thermosetting polymers

(d) Thermoplastic polymers

Q8: How can you differentiate between addition and condensation polymerisation?

Solution:

Condensation Polymerisation: The process in which the polymers are formed by the repeating condensation reactions between the two different bifunctional or trifunctional monomers. In this process, molecules such as hydrochloric acid or water are eliminated.

For example, nylon 6, 6 is the result of adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine polymerization of the reaction condensation.

Addition Polymerisation: The process in which the monomers having double or triple bonds are added repeatedly to form polymers.

For example, Addition polymerization of ethene leads to the formation of Polyethene.

Q9: Explain the term copolymerisation and give two examples.

Solution:

Co-polymerisation is the mechanism by which polymers are formed from two or more monomeric units. In a copolymer, there are multiple units of every monomer. An example of copolymerization is the process of forming polymer Buna-S from 1, 3-butadiene and styrene.

The formation of copolymer Nylon 6, 6 is from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine.

Q10: Write the free radical mechanism for the polymerisation of ethene.

Solution:

Ethene polymerization into polythene consists of exposing or heating as the initiator a mixture of ethene with a small amount of benzoyl peroxide to light.

Q 11: Define thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers with two examples of each.

Solution:

Thermosetting polymers are called polymers which are cross-linked or strongly branched polymers which are hardened during the moulding process. Through heating, they can not be softened yet again.
E.g., urea-formaldehyde resins, bakelite.

Thermoplastic polymers are called polymers which are linear, slightly branched long-chain polymers which can be softened and hardened repeatedly when heated.

E.g., polystyrene, polythene.

Q 12: Write the monomers used for getting the following polymers.
(i) Polyvinyl chloride (ii) Teflon (iii) Bakelite

Solution:

(1) Vinyl chloride (

Q 13: Write the name and structure of one of the common initiators used in free radical addition polymerisation.

Solution:

Benzoyl peroxide is one of the common initiator’s name and structure used in free radical polymerization.

Q 14: How does the presence of double bonds in rubber molecules influence their structure and reactivity?

Solution:

Natural rubber is a linear cis-polyisoprene consisting of double bonds between the two units of isoprene 

Intermolecular interactions between the different isoprene strands are relatively weak because of this cis-configuration. On account of this different natural rubber, strands are arranged randomly. So it’s showing elasticity.

Q 15: Discuss the main purpose of vulcanisation of rubber.

Solution:

Natural rubber is useful, but its use does have problems. The disadvantages of natural rubber are as follows:
1. The natural rubber, at room temperature, is sticky and soft. It gets even softer at elevated temperatures, i.e. greater than 335 K. It becomes brittle at low temperatures, i.e. fewer than 283K. Therefore, natural rubber can only be used to maintain its elasticity at a temperature range of 283 K-335 K.
2. Natural rubber absorbs a large amount of water
3. Natural rubber has low resistance to abrasion and low tensile strength.
4. Natural rubber is soluble in non-polar solvents.
5. Natural rubber is easy to attack by oxidizing agents.

Vulcanization is done primarily to enhance natural rubber properties.

During this process, a mixture of raw rubber with sulphur and a suitable additive is heated to a temperature range of between 373 K and 415 K.

Q 16: What are the monomeric repeating units of Nylon-6 and Nylon-6,6?

Solution:
Nylon 6 monomeric repeat unit is

Q 17: Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers:
(i) Buna-S (ii) Buna-N (iii) Dacron (iv) Neoprene

Q 18: Identify the monomer in the following polymeric structures.

(i) 

(ii)

Solution:

(i) Hexamethylene diamine is the monomer of the given polymeric structure

Q 19: How is dacron obtained from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid?

Solution:

Dacron is formed by the condensation polymerisation of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol.

Q 20: What is a biodegradable polymer? Give an example of a biodegradable aliphatic polyester.

Solution:
A polymer which bacteria can decompose is called a Biodegradable Polymer. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-CO-β-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) an example of an aliphatic biodegradable polyester.

Class 12 NCERT Solutions Chapter 15 – Polymers

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 includes the topics – terms Monomer, Polymer, and Polymerisation. Classification of Polymers based on source: Natural polymers, Semi-synthetic polymers, Synthetic polymers. Classification of polymers based on structure: Linear Branched-chain, Cross-linked or Network Polymers. Classification of polymers based on the mode of polymerization: Addition polymers, Condensation polymers.

Classification of Polymers based on Molecular Forces:

Elastomers, Fibres, Thermoplastic And Thermosetting. Types of polymerization. The molecular mass of polymers. Biodegradable polymers. Two Greek words combine to form the term ‘polymer’. In Greek, ‘poly’ means many and ‘mers’ means part or unit. It is also referred to as macromolecules. Examples of polymers are Butadiene, Buna – N etc. Homo polymers and Copolymers are two types of polymers that are based on their repeating structural unit. A chemical process to produce a chain-like structure or network of molecules called polymer by combining monomers is called polymerization.

There are two types of polymerization reactions:

• Addition polymerization occurs in three steps:

Step 1: Chain initiation
Step 2: Chain propagation
Step 3: Chain termination

• Condensation polymerization: Also called step-growth polymerization

This was the introduction to Chapter 15 of Chemistry Class 12. Learn more in dept with the help of NCERT Solutions. Along with NCERT sample questions, one must solve previous years’ questions and participate in a mock test to qualify for the CBSE Class 12 board exam with flying colours.

Subtopics of Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 – Polymers

1. Classification of Polymers
2. Types of Polymerisation Reactions
3. Molecular Mass of Polymers
4. Biodegradable Polymers
5. Polymers of Commercial Importance

Students aiming to secure high marks must refer to the Class 12 important questions and prepare wisely for their examinations. These questions are answered in NCERT Solutions for Class 12 by highly experienced subject tutors.

Why Opt for BYJU’S?

BYJU’S gives you polymers Class 12 NCERT Solutions, important questions, polymer PDF book, polymers Class 12 videos, animations, and lecture notes on polymers according to the latest CBSE textbook. Further, the assignments given by BYJU’S will help you immensely in your Class 12 board exams and entrance exam preparations.